Water-closet.



'I'. F. PAYNE.

WATER oLosBT. APPLICATION FILED AUG. l, 1912.

` 1,062,41 3. Y Patented May 20, 19'13.

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wrrN Eses: INVEN-ron l Jamgl unrrun sfrarns THOMAS F. PAYNE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

WATER-CLOSET.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Application led August 1, 1912. Serial No. 712,808.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS F. PAYNE,

residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen ofthe United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Closets, of which improvements the following is a specification. My invention relates to the construction of siphon water-closets having back-outlets, and has particularly to do with the shaping of the siphon passage of such closets.

The object of my invention is to so construct the siphon passageway thatfthe discharging strength of the closet will be increased, while at the same time a proper quantity of water will remain in the bowl after each flushing operation.l

In the accompanying drawing, which forms part of my speciiication, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of -a back-outlet siphon closet ,in ,which my invention is embodied; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a portion of the siphon passage of such closets as they have been usually constructed heretofore; Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views of the Siphon passage taken on the lines III and IV, respectively, of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a partial end view of the closet showing the siphon outlet; and Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the outlet channel taken on the line VI-VI; Fig. 1, showing the extent of the fiat bottom of such channel rearward of the outlet orifice. V

In the several iigures like numerals are used to designate like parts.

The general construction of the watercloset shown herein is well known, and may be briefly described as consisting ot a bowl 1, which normally holds a quantity of water, as indicated in Fig. 1. At the top of the closet there is a water-inlet chamber 2, which is suitably connected to a conduit (not shown) leading from a flushing tank or other means of supply. Extending from the bottom portion of the bowl 1 there is al tortuous passageway consisting of an up-leg 3, a down-leg 4; and an outlet channel 5, which empties into a sewer pipe (not shown).

A further detail of construction, usually embodied in such closets, is a priming jet 6 placed in the 11p-leg 3, as shown, whereby a stream of water, flowing from the chamber 2 through the conduit 7, becomes effective to assist in discharging the bowl or its contents.

In the first stage of the flushing operat-ion of such water closets, water iows into the top of the bowl 1 from the chamber 2,

and into the up-leg 3 from the jet 6, causing a sheetvof water to spill over the bend or dam 8. This sheetkof water, descending through the down-leg 4, carries with it a portion of the body of air in such leg and forms water seals (as indicated by the dotted lines 9 and 10) whereby air from the sewer pipe is kept from entering the legs 3 and 4t. A dierence'in air pressures upon ythe body of water in the Siphon passageway and upon that in the `bowl rv1 being thus es- `tablished, the water will tiow up the leg 3'. The rate of such flow, which determines the discharging force of the water-closet, will depend largelyupon the difference in the said oressures. .After the initial siphonic action has been effected the flowing water becomes turbulent, and, in flowing through the passageway, carries with it adn ditional pockets of air, kso that the strength of the siphonic actiontends to increase. I have found, however, that during this period of the flushing operation the water seals do not, on account of the usual construction of the passageway and the turbulent state of the water, completely prevent air from returning to the'siphon leg; and thatthe strength of the vsiphonic act-ion during this period is thereby correspondingly weakened. The water thus continues to tlow through the passageway until practically all the water from the flushing tank has been emptied into the bowl 1, and at this time the water flows in a thin sheet over the dams 8 and 1X1, which are usually straight-edged and horizontally-disposed, and causes the siphonic act-ion to continue slowly until practically all the water in the bowl has been drained therefrom. Since it is desirable to have the bowl normally filled with water up to the level of the dam 8, as shown in Fig. 1, it will be readily understood that this continued action `of the siphon is undesirable. In other words it is desirable to retain in the bowl 1 a certain quantity of the stream flowing therein from the source of supply, such quantity being termed hereafter refilling water.

From the foregoing description of the flushing action of back-outlet water-closets having siphons it will be seen that it is characteristic of the water sea-ls that they fail during the time they are most helpful to increase the discharge strength of the closet, and that they continue to act when they are in fact a hindrance to the successful operabottom of the channel, and beneath the dam, t 11, a weir cavity or water-containing trough 12, is provided in order to assist in maintaining the water-seal 10. The remainder of such channel is substantially horizontal and circular in cross-section. Of this construction it will be seen that the rim of the dam 11 is' at a substantial distance from the. water in the trough 12, such distance being practically equal to the general width of the passageway at the side of the dam.

In order to provide a third water seal and to strengthen the seal 10, I preferably incline the outletchannel 5 upwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, so that there will be a relatively small space intervening between the water in the trough 12a (see Fig. 1) and the rim of the dam 11, and further so that the cross-sectional area of the siphon passageway in all planes adjacent toy the rim of the said dam will be substantially the same. Also, I form the outlet orifice of the channel 5, and the portion of the channel adjacent to such orifice, so as to have a flat or plane faced bottom, as shown particularly in Fig. 5.

When the channel is so constructed I have found that a third water seal 13 is formed; that the seal 10 is materially strengthened; and that the water escapes freely from the outlet orifice of the outletchannel 5. As a result of this increase in strength and number of the water seals, the7 discharging capacity of such water closetsE is` greatly increased.

Referring now to the feature of my invention which concerns the stopping of the,y siphonic action of the closet before'the refilling water has been drained therefrom by the thin sheet of water flowing over the dams 8 and 11, I so shape the rims of the dams 8 and 11 that the sheet of water flowing over them will be of uneven depth. As stated above, the rims of such dams are usually straight and horizontal so that an even sheet of water flows over them to form a seal. By interrupting the continuity of such dams with notches 14 and 15 as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, respectively, I find that the desirable ellect of such straight edged dams is in nol manner lost and that the undesirable feature of such dams,

namely, the continued action of the siphon is eliminated. lThis is by reason of the fact that the relatively small supply of water at the end of the flushing operation instead of flowing in a thin sheet over the dam, will flow through the depression or notch, thereby making an air passageway from the sewer on each side of the notches to the leg 3. The siphon is thus completely broken and the refilling water is not drawn from the bowl.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a backoutlet siphon watercloset, the combination with a bowl and a tortuous Siphon passage leading from said bowl and having an up-leg anda down-leg inclined beneath the. said up-leg;v of an outlet channel leading from the said passage inclined upwardly from the lower end of and beneath the said down-leg, the lowermost edge of the outlet orifice of the said channel being at the lower level than the rim of the dam Aformed at the junction of the down leg and the said channel, the bottom of said outlet channel being plane faced at and adjacent to the outlet orifice thereof.

2. In a back-'outlet siphon water-closet, the combination jof a bowl, a tortuous siphon passage extending from the said bowl and having the down-leg thereof inclined beneath the up-leg, a dam at a bend in the said passage and at one end of the said inclined leg, the rim of the said dam extending in a substantially straight horizontal line, and a depression interrupting the continuity of the said straight-lined rim and causing near the close of the siphoningoperation'a break in the sheet of water flowing over the rim. i

3. In a back-outlet siphon water-closet, the combination of a bowl, a tortuous siphon passage leading from said bowl and having an up-leg and a down-leg inclined beneath said up-leg, an outlet-channel leading from and upwardly inclined beneath the said down-leg, a dam at the. junction of said down-leg and outlet-channel, the rim of the said dam extending in a substantially straight horizontal line having its continuity interrupted by a depression therein, the lowermost edge of the outlet- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set orice of the said outlet-channel being at a my hand. lower level than the said dam, and a trough THOMAS F. PAYNE. below said dam and of greater depth than Witnesses:

5 the difference in'levels of the said dam and ALICE A. TRILL,

lower edge of said outlet orifice. PAUL N. CRITCHLOW.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each.l by addressing the Commissionr of Patents,

Washington, I). C. 

